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\"As a nation, we can only truly thrive when every one of us has the opportunity to thrive,\" Newsom said in a statement. \"Our painful history of slavery has evolved into structural racism and bias built into and permeating throughout our democratic and economic institutions.\"

The topic of reparations in the U.S. has courted controversy as economists and advocates debate who will pay, who qualifies for payments and what payments might look like.

The dark legacy of slavery in the U.S. has lived on for decades through discriminatory policies such as Jim Crow laws and redlining, overt and systemic racism that contributed significantly to a vast wealth gap.

In 2016, the typical white family had a net worth nearly 10 times that of a Black family, according to a Brookings Institute analysis. Moreover in 2019, the average wage gap between a Black and white worker in the U.S. was 26.5%, according to the Economic Policy Institute.

As the nation grapples with other inequities Black Americans face -- disparate health outcomes amid the COVID-19 pandemic and mounting instances of police brutality -- many advocates are renewing calls for state and local governments to take a larger role in finding fair and lasting solutions.

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