Tatiana Schlossberg reveals terminal cancer diagnosis: What to know about acute myeloid leukemia
Tatiana Schlossberg's surprising revelation that she is battling terminal cancer has put a spotlight on the type of cancer with which she was diagnosed, acute myeloid leukemia.
Schlossberg, the daughter of Caroline Kennedy, revealed in an emotional essay published Saturday that she was diagnosed with a "rare mutation" of acute myeloid leukemia in May 2024 after giving birth to her second child.
After undergoing two bone-marrow transplants as well as chemotherapy and immunotherapy, Schlossberg said has been told by doctors she may have less than a year to live.
Here's what to know about acute myeloid leukemia.
What is acute myeloid leukemia?
Acute myeloid leukemia, or AML, is a cancer of the bone marrow and the blood, according to the National Cancer Institute.
With AML, the bone marrow makes a large number of abnormal, immature white blood cells, known as myeloblasts, or "blasts."
Schlossberg wrote that in her case, doctors diagnosed her with AML after noticing an imbalance in her white blood cell count after she gave birth.
Other symptoms of AML include weakness and fatigue, bleeding, fever and infection.
How serious of a diagnosis is acute myeloid leukemia?
The five-year survival rate for AML is just 31.9%, according to the NCI.
The word "acute" in its name means this type of cancer is fast-moving. How severe AML is in each person though depends on several factors, including when it is diagnosed, whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body and the person's age and medical history.
There are also different subtypes of AML based on how developed the cancer cells are at the time of diagnosis, according to the NCI.
How common is acute myeloid leukemia?
Just over 22,000 people are estimated to be diagnosed with AML this year, representing around 1% of all new cancer cases, according to the NCI.
What are the risk factors for acute myeloid leukemia?
Acute myeloid leukemia is caused by "changes to the way blood stem cells function," according to the NCI.
AML can arise due to genetic mutations that occur later on in life, environmental exposures such as pesticides or the chemical benzene, prior chemotherapy, or -- less commonly -- through inherited familial genetic mutations. Cases can often be due to a combination of these risk factors, according to the NCI.
Though AML may be diagnosed in anyone, it is most common in men and in people over the age of 65.
What treatments are available for acute myeloid leukemia?
Treatment options for AML include bone-marrow transplant, chemotherapy, radiation and drug therapy.
